2024–25 baselines and emissions data

'Covered Emissions' reflects the total tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO₂-e) of covered emissions reported for the facility under the NGER Scheme. Carbon dioxide equivalence for each individual reported greenhouse gas (GHG) is calculated using global warming potential values.

'GHG Carbon Dioxide', 'GHG Methane' and 'GHG Nitrous oxide' reflect the amount of covered emissions attributable to each GHG. As these are only 3 types of GHGs reported under the NGER Scheme, their combined values may not match the total covered emissions reported for the facility as a whole. Further information about the methods used to estimate GHG methane for fugitive emissions from coal mining, oil and natural gas activities is available in the NGER method data.

Facilities with covered emissions less than the safeguard threshold can apply to receive SMCs where they meet the definition of 'eligible facility' prescribed by section 58B of the Safeguard Rule. Facilities that meet this definition are required to be included in the safeguard data publication in accordance with section 72(1) of the Safeguard Rule, regardless of whether they have applied to receive SMCs. These facilities are not included in the count of total covered facilities and their emissions are not included in the count of total covered emissions.

Total reported scope 1 emissions from all grid-connected electricity generators in 2024–25 were below the sectoral baseline of 198,000,000 tCO₂ -e, so emissions from grid-connected electricity generators were not covered emissions.

'ACCUs issued' reflects the total amount of attributable ACCUs issued during the monitoring period. These ACCUs are 'added back' to the facility's net emissions number to prevent double counting of emissions.

'ACCUs deemed surrendered' reflects the total amount of attributable ACCUs issued during the monitoring period that are delivered to the Commonwealth under an eligible carbon abatement contract. These ACCUs are deemed surrendered and are subtracted from the facility's net emissions number.

'ACCUs surrendered' and 'SMCs surrendered' reflect the total amount of ACCUs and SMCs surrendered and are subtracted when calculating the facility's net emissions number. Further information about the ACCU Scheme methods related to the ACCUs surrendered by each facility is detailed in the 'ACCU methods data table'.

The quantity of ACCUs surrendered in the 'Baselines and emissions data table' may be larger than the quantity surrendered in the 'ACCU methods data table' where excess units were surrendered for the facility in a previous financial year and carried forward to the current financial year.

'Net emissions number' reflects a facility's total covered emissions adjusted to account for ACCUs issued, ACCUs deemed surrendered, ACCUs surrendered and SMCs surrendered.

'Net position number' is the amount of tCO₂-e that a facility's net emissions number is above or below its baseline emissions number. Excess emissions situation data provides more information about facilities with net emissions above their baseline on 1 April.

'SMCs issued' reflects the number of SMCs issued to a responsible emitter. Only responsible emitters of standard baseline facilities with net emissions below their baseline emissions number (before adjustments are made to account for ACCUs and/or SMCs surrendered) are eligible to apply for SMCs.

‘Units relinquished’ reflects the number of any units the responsible emitter has relinquished for the facility for the financial year. Further details are shown in the Notes column. The CER requires a responsible emitter to relinquish units when SMCs have been issued based on incorrect data. Responsible emitters have 90 days to comply with a relinquishment requirement. More information is available in the SMC issuance and carbon unit surrender guideline.

'Baseline emissions number' is calculated differently depending upon which safeguard baseline applies to the facility.

Where a facility's baseline emissions number is calculated and it amounts to less than 100,000 tCO₂-e, it is rounded up to the minimum baseline of 100,000 tCO₂-e.

Where a multi-year monitoring period (MYMP) applies, the baseline emissions number reflects the facility's baseline calculated as if there was no MYMP in place in the financial year. The 'cumulative MYMP net emissions number' and 'cumulative MYMP net position number' reflect the facility's current net emissions number and net emissions position for the extended monitoring period. See multi-year monitoring period data for more information.

Standard baseline

The baseline emissions number of standard baseline facilities is calculated by:

1. Multiplying the amount of product produced for each production variable (PV) at the facility by its corresponding emissions-intensity (EI) value.
   • Facilities may have multiple PVs, each identifying a different product or service being delivered and measured in accordance with Schedule 1 of the Safeguard Rule.
   • EI is the limit placed on a PV's emissions produced per unit of production. EI is set differently depending upon whether the facility and its PVs are new or existing.
   • Existing facilities: The EI of existing PVs covered by an emissions-intensity determination (EID) will transition from being facility-specific to industry average by 2030. The EI of existing PVs not covered by an EID, as well as the EI of all new PVs, is set using the international best practice values in Schedule 1 of the Safeguard Rule. If a best practice value is not available, the EI of existing PVs not covered by an EID is set to zero, and the EI all new PVs is set using the industry average values in Schedule 1 of the Safeguard Rule. Emissions-intensity determination data provides more information about facility-specific EIs.
   • New facilities: The EI of all PVs is set using the international best practice values in Schedule 1 of the Safeguard Rule.
2. Multiplying the sum of this amount by the emission reduction contribution (ERC) value, which applies the facility's decline rate in the form of the scaling factor known as the 'emission reduction contribution'.
   • The decline rate and resultant ERC value for standard baseline facilities may be lower than the default 4.9% if the facility is also a trade-exposed baseline-adjusted (TEBA) facility. See more information on TEBA facility data.
3. Adding the borrowing adjustment amount, if relevant.
   • The borrowing adjustment amount will be a positive or negative depending upon whether emissions were borrowed from a future baseline in the current or previous monitoring period. Where a facility has successive borrowing adjustments for last year and this year, this number reflects the net of the 2 borrowing adjustments.

Landfill baseline

The baseline emissions number of landfill baseline facilities is calculated by multiplying the amount of emissions produced from waste deposited at the facility after 1 July 2016 by: 

• a methane capture efficiency rate of 37.2%
• a near-surface methane oxidisation factor of 10%
• the ERC value to apply the facility's decline rate. 

Lastly, where relevant the borrowing adjustment amount is added.

A registered corporation or a person required to report under the Act may apply to withhold their data from publication. A request can only be made in relation to: 

• information that reveals or could reveal a trade secret
• any other matter having a commercial value that would be, or could reasonably be expected to be, destroyed or diminished if the information were disclosed specific to the facility or responsible emitter. 

Where a corporation or a person has had information withheld under the Act, that fact will be noted in the publication.

See more information about emissions and energy data.